FreeStudyAdda Academic Science Division

Periodic Table of the Elements

IUPAC Standard Weights & Configurations • Class 9-12 & JEE/NEET

Standard Pressure: 100 kPa

Room Temperature: 298.15 K (25 °C)

Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Transition Metals Post-Transition Metalloids Reactive Nonmetals Noble Gases Lanthanides Actinides

FreeStudyAdda Chemistry Laboratory — https://freestudyadda.com Verified Educational Reference Chart

Li (Lithium): Crimson Red (670.8 nm)

Na (Sodium): Intense Persistent Golden Yellow (589 nm)

K (Potassium): Lilac / Violet (Through cobalt blue glass: Pink)

Ca (Calcium): Brick Red

Sr (Strontium): Bright Crimson

Ba (Barium): Apple Green

Cu (Copper): Blue-Green with white flashes

Always Soluble: Group 1 salts (Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cs⁺), Ammonium (NH₄⁺), Nitrates (NO₃⁻), Acetates (CH₃COO⁻).

Generally Soluble: Chlorides, Bromides, Iodides (except Ag⁺, Pb²⁺, Hg₂²⁺).

Sulfates (SO₄²⁻): Soluble except BaSO₄, PbSO₄, SrSO₄, CaSO₄ (sparingly).

Insoluble: Carbonates (CO₃²⁻), Hydroxides (OH⁻), Sulfides (S²⁻) except Group 1 & Ammonium.